Melasma

Melasma causes dark patches on the skin, primarily affecting the face. It is more prevalent in women, especially during pregnancy or among those using hormonal contraceptives, and has become known as the “mask of pregnancy.” Melasma occurs when melanin, the pigment that determines skin color, as a result of hormonal influences and sun exposure. Treatment options include topical creams containing hydroquinone, tretinoin, and corticosteroids and procedures like chemical peels and laser therapy, which can help lighten the affected areas and improve skin appearance.